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Section /creature

Creatures

A comparative bestiary of names, regions, earliest accounts, rules and transformations from folklore to screen.

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Creature DA·C·0003

Revenant

Area
Medieval England, Western Europe
Earliest attestations
Twelfth-century English chronicles

The returning dead: a broad category for the dead who physically return among the living, attested in medieval chronicles long before the vampire.

Creature DA·C·0004

Strigoi

Area
Romania, Moldavia
Earliest attestations
Nineteenth-century folklore collections

A figure in Romanian folklore: a restless soul or body, living or dead, associated with unusual births and irregular deaths. Often conflated with the cinematic vampire.

Creature DA·C·0002

Vampire

Area
Balkans, Central Europe
Earliest attestations
1725 (Kisiljevo case)

The dead who return to feed on the living. The term entered European languages in the eighteenth century through Habsburg administrative reports on Serbian cases.

Creature DA·C·0001

Vurdalak

Area
Russia, Balkans
Earliest attestations
19th century (literary form)

A dead person who returns and feeds first on those closest to them. Less a folkloric term than a nineteenth-century Russian literary form, made familiar by cinema.